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How to Make a Crossover Filter

Date: 2002-06-11 Author: Elektroj?nis Viewed 5152 times


Some people have asked the devs for a crossover filter that divides the sound to two frequency bands (Bass & Treble). You can always use two filters (One highpass and one lowpass). The problem with this is that you have to tweak the cutoffs quite a lot to get the overall frequency response flat when the bands are mixed together and if you want to change the crossover frequency you have to do that fine tweaking again.

There is an alternative ofcourse and it is actually quite simple. It involves some (simple) mathematics. Just look at this example first and try to figure out how it works. You can turn off (and on :-) the idividual bands from their outputs (yeah.. those are really do-nothings).

This is what is in there: (look at sequence editor)

1. Clean sound through crossover filter. This should sound exactly like the straight signal.

2. Clean sound straight to master.

3. All three bands distorted separately. All three distortions have the same settings than the dist in pt. 4. yet it sounds different.

4. Just distorted as one band.

How does it work then?

If you didn't Find out yet how it works I'll explain it now.

Signal comes to input wich is just a do-nothing. You could connect things straight from master but I used do-nothing to make it easier to understand when lookong at it. It connects to Lowpass1 that is just a jeskola filter2 in lowpass mode and another do-nothing (do-nothing1). Output from the filter is the bass output. (I made an separate do-nothing for turning the output on/off. If you turn the filter of then the bass frequencies start to come out from the mid output.)

The cheapo negative inverts the signal from the filter and the do-nothing1 mixes it with the full signal. What happens here is the bass frequencies from the filter that are inverted cancel out the bass frequencies from the full signal. In other words the bass frequencies are subtracted from the full signal. Do-nothing1 outputs the mid and treble portions of the sound.

This is allready a two band crossover. You can adjust the crossover frequency from the filter. Rest of it is just another crossover that splits the rest of the frequency spectrum to two parts again... You can add as many bands as your cpu allows (or as many as fits on your screen :-).

You can use other filters too. Usually you would want to have no resonance in your filters in this, but then again what do I know of anything...

Homework

The settings of all the distortions in this are the same. Yet the bands distorted separately sounds very different than the full sound distorted with one distorter. Why does that happen?

Many of you might know this allready but those of you who don't think about it. I'll give some answers in the future. My answers won't probably be the full truth but I believe I understand quite big part of it.

Thanks for Some-e for making me notice that the inverting stuff for making crossovers works in buzz too.



Attached File: Elektrojaenis_Crossover_Example.zip


Readers Comments: add comment

Do-nothing might cause problems. Because of Buzz's buggy behaviour with machines that have no parameters, I suggest that you use some other machine instead of do-nothings, like cheapo amp. On some OSes, you can create patterns for do-nothings and on other OSes those patterns crash Buzz. So beware. 2002-06-11 by Apo

Hmmm... I haven't had any problems with do nothings but I got to believe it because the information comes straight from the source. :) I never make any patterns for do-nothings though... 2002-06-11 by Elektroj?nis

Hey i see what You mean Thanks For the Tip. Really helpfull!! Respect!! Art Attacc 2002-06-11 by art atta<<

Crossaten hyv? tulee... Eh, good work! Applies to all posts by Elektrojaenis. 2002-06-12 by Some-E

this can also be used to make e multi-band compressor, or flanger, or delay, or anything. Great! 2002-06-12 by meanman

fantastic! respect EJ! 2002-06-12 by dippedincustard

Some-e: Thanks! I have to thank you for waking me up on the subtracting thing with his mastering setup (was it rev2 or rev3?).

Everybody: Check out what I'm referring to here. It's something that you may find usefull for getting your song sound more professional and it's all buzzwork.

Meanman: Yep... I just picked multi band distortion because thats usually not that obvious to people how usefull it can be (well if you want distorted sounds anyway).

BTW... This can be done without most of those do- nothings. They are mostly there to make it easyer to understand when looking at it. 2002-06-12 by Elektroj?nis


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Tutorial: How to Make a Crossover Filter